Estimate arc energy, heat input, and t8/5 cooling time for welding
These results are simplified estimates intended for guidance only. Actual heat input and cooling rates depend on many factors (joint geometry, preheat, plate thickness, ambient conditions, material properties). Always validate against the applicable welding standard (e.g. EN 1011-2) and a qualified welding engineer (IWE/EWE).
Heat input controls the thermal cycle of a weld, affecting microstructure, hardness, distortion, and mechanical properties. The t8/5 time (cooling from 800°C to 500°C) is a key indicator for predicting HAZ properties in structural steels.
The t8/5 estimate here uses a simplified Rosenthal-based model with thermal efficiency and a 2D/3D heat flow assumption. Real cooling depends on joint type, preheat, plate thickness, and material — consult EN 1011-2 for accurate assessment.